-Normal part of human skin flora (also found in the mucous membranes).
-Common contaminent and likely the most common species found in laboratory tests.
-Usually not pathogenic (greater risk in incompromised pts).
-Major concern for patients with plastic devices such as catheters or other surgical implants (colonization, formation of biofilm).
-Strains are often resistant to antibiotics, including penicillin, amoxicillin, and methicillin.
Therapy:
Important considerations: The choice of an agent should be based on local antimicrobial sensitivities, site of infection, cost, and comorbid conditions. Generally, the most common agents/regimens are listed first. Listed dosages may need to be adjusted for renal dysfunction.
Ciprofloxacin 400mg IV q12h (Severe/complicated: 400mg IV q8h) PLUS [Rifampin 300-450 mg orally/IV q12h or 600mg orally/IV once daily]
Bactrim Mild-moderate infection: 5 to 10 mg/kg/day (based on trimethoprim component) IV/oral divided in 2-4 doses. Severe infection: 15 to 20 mg/kg/day (based on trimethoprim component) IV, given in equally divided doses every 6 to 8 hours. PLUS [Rifampin 300-450 mg orally/IV q12h or 600mg orally/IV once daily]